Madrid is the capital city of Spain. It’s situated in the central part of Spain. Madrid is among the oldest of the world’s great cities and one of the most cosmopolitan. It is the country’s economic, transportation, and cultural centre. Since the Middle Ages, Madrid is renowned for influencing other cities around the world. It is famous for its astounding medieval buildings and modern structures that stand side by side to complement each other. Some of the places that make it famous include the amazing ancient buildings, Royal Palace, Plaza Mayor, Art Galleries, Prado Museum, Retiro Park and the Almudena Cathedral.

Census in Spain is done after every 10 years and 2011 was the last time that it was conducted. The next census is scheduled for 2021 in Spain. According to the 2011 census, Madrid had a population of 6,498,560. Compared to other cities in Spain, Madrid is considered to be quite diverse. According to the 2011 census, 88.2% of the population is Spanish in Madrid while the rest is formed by immigrants. When it comes to religious beliefs, Madrid is known to be diverse as most people identify themselves as Christian, Muslim, Jewish and Buddhist. According to the data collected during the 2011 census, 70.1% people in Madrid identified themselves as Christian, 2.3% as Muslim, 1% Jewish, 0.3% Buddhist and 26.3% declared that they followed no religion. As one of the most diverse cities in Spain, Madrid houses over 6 million residents, who collectively speak different languages, including Spanish, English, French, Italian, Chinese, Arabic, Romanian, and others.

The administration of Madrid is handled by the Madrid City Council. The Mayor of Madrid is the highest authority in city government. The current Mayor, elected by the city council, is José Luis Martínez-Almeida from the People's Party. The City Council consists of 57 elected members and it is responsible for the administration of the city. The city of Madrid is divided into 21 districts, which are further subdivided into 131 neighborhoods. Each district has its own council led by a district mayor, who is responsible for the provision of services and facilities in their district.

Madrid has always been a commercial city and today enjoys the status of having one of the largest city economies in Europe. The city thrives in trade and commerce and has a vibrant culture seeped in commerce. It has a GDP of over €230 billion, which is about 19 percent of the Spain's total GDP. The size of its economy is larger than that of several European nations. The Port of Madrid handles millions of tons of cargo every year.

The Madrid City Council has been continuously working on improving the city's infrastructure. The Madrid Metropolitan Plan 2020 identifies a range of infrastructure priorities for Madrid, from new energy, water and sewerage infrastructure, to enhanced digital connectivity and new Metro, rail and road schemes. Some of the investment is provided by the private sector, through the privatized utilities. This has generally worked well in Madrid, although business is particularly concerned at the lack of capacity in digital infrastructure. The take-up of high speed broadband by business is low compared to other world cities; and just over 10% of premises cannot access superfast broadband in the first place, with these “not spots” particularly prevalent in the City of Madrid and Tech City. Business sees these as priority areas for action by the Mayor.