Ad Dammam is the capital city of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Located on the Persian Gulf, it is among the most economically significant cities in the nation, as the hub of the Saudi oil industry. It is the country’s economic and administrative centre. Ad Dammam is known for its modern infrastructure, beautiful coastal locations and a blend of modern and traditional Arabian architecture. Key landmarks include King Fahd Park, Coral Island, and Half Moon Bay.

As of 2017, Ad Dammam has a population of over a million people. It is considered to be one of the fastest-growing cities in Saudi Arabia. The population predominantly consists of Saudi citizens, while also hosting a large number of expatriates from countries like India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. The dominant religion is Islam, with most of the population being Sunni Muslims. Ad Dammam is home to the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, one of the most renowned universities in the Middle East. The city is also known for its shopping destinations, with the Al Shatea Mall and Marina Mall being the most popular. The city enjoys a hot desert climate, with summer temperatures often exceeding 45 degrees Celsius.

Ad Dammam falls under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Province, which is administered by a Governor, an Undersecretary, and a provincial council, all appointed by the King. The city itself is divided into several municipal districts, each governed by a mayor. The municipality of Ad Dammam is responsible for the provision of public services, infrastructure, and planning in the city.

Ad Dammam is an economic hub, primarily due to the presence of the Saudi oil industry. The city houses the headquarters of Saudi Aramco, the world's most valuable oil company. It has a diversified economy with sectors like retail, hospitality, and real estate playing significant roles. The King Fahd International Airport and the King Fahd Causeway, which links Saudi Arabia to Bahrain, further contribute to the city's economic significance.

Ad Dammam boasts modern infrastructure, with a comprehensive network of roads, bridges, and public transport. The city is served by the King Fahd International Airport, the largest in the world in terms of land area. The city's infrastructure also includes the King Fahd Causeway, a major roadway that provides a direct link between Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The city has made substantial investments in its digital infrastructure, with widespread availability of high-speed internet services.